Antibiotics Printable View

Antibiotic
Indications

Adverse Reactions

Comments
Nitrofurantoin
  • Cystitis
  • UTI prophylaxis
  • Pulmonary hypersensitivity
  • Peripheral neuropathy
 Not effective for upper tract urinary tract infection (pyelonephritis)
Oritavancin
  • Skin and soft tissue infection due to susceptible GPC
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Infusion reactions
 Single dose; may artificially prolong PT, PTT; No data for indications other than skin infections
Oxacillin/Nafcillin
  • Staph aureus infections
  • Interstitial nephritis
  • Rash/allergy
 Drug of choice for serious methicillin senstive Staph aureus infections; no need to adjust dose for renal dysfuncion
Penicillin
  • Grp A strep pharnygitis
  • Neurosyphillis
  • Streptococcal and enterococcal endocarditis
  • Meningococcus
  • Rash
  • Immune cytopenias
  • Neurotoxicity
 First antibiotic; still drug of choice for Beta streptococcal infections
Piperacillin
  • Pseudomonas
  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • Rash/allergy
Piperacillin/tazo
  • Broad spectrum coverage of serious infection
  • Healthcare associated pneumonia
  • Sepsis
  • Intra-abdominal infection
  • Rash/allergy
  • Hypersensitivity reaction
 Tazobactam, a beta lactamase inhibitor, extends the spectrum of piperacillin; excellent anaerobic activity; broadest spectrum of the beta-lactamase inhibitor combination drugs
Rifampin
  • Tuberculosis
  • Combination therapy Staph infections
  • Meningococcal prophylaxis
  • Non-tuberculous mycobacteria
  • Leprosy
  • GI upset
  • Hepatitis
  • Lupus like illness (rare)
 Multiple drug interactions; rapid resistance if used as sole agent for Staph
Tedizolid
  • Skin and soft tissue infection due to GPC
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Cytopenias (prolonged use)
 Active against MRSA and VRE; Much less MAO inhibition than linezolid; Avoid in bloodstream infections
Telavancin
  • Complicated skin and soft tissue infections
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Foamy urine
  • Potential for nephrotoxicity
 Once daily; MRSA activity; no drug monitoring necessary; avoid use in pregnancy

 

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Drug Information provided above is not comprehensive. For complete information about these antibiotics consult a pharmacist or a comprehensive drug reference.